Vocabulary Profile and Lexical Bundles of EFL Academic Writing: A Corpus-based Study in English Teaching

In addition to the words themselves, the English Vocabulary Profile includes information on phrases, idioms, and collocations. You can generate lists of terms for each level by leaving the text field blank and picking one of the levels; however, you can filter these using the advanced search features.

Knowledge that can be expressed in words is referred to as lexical knowledge. Despite how circular this may appear, we believe it gives a completely appropriate starting point, because it posits communicability as the greatest distinguishing feature of lexical knowledge, following a lengthy philosophical tradition. Lexical Knowledge is important for writing. Children with a rich understanding of the distinctions between words will not only be able to express what they mean more precisely, but their knowledge of certain words will enable them to express thoughts that they might not otherwise have had.

Lexical bundles are defined as clusters of three or more words that occur often in a register (Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad, & Finegan, 1999). Expressions like on the other hand, as a result of, or at the end of the, to name a few, are examples of lexical bundles in academic writing. Lexical bundles are ''important building blocks in discourse'' (Biber & Barbieri, 2007, p. 270). Hyland (2008) believes that lexical bundles play a crucial role in building coherence in a text and making sense of a particular context.

The ability to separate oneself from the content of communication in order to reflect on and influence the structure of language is defined as metalinguistic awareness. Metalinguistic awareness also refers to the awareness that you can change language in different ways, that you have the power to manipulate it. For example, if you write a letter to someone and realize afterwards that sentences #4 through #7 do not make sense, you can rewrite those sentences.

Some teaching strategies for metalinguistic awareness are for example self-talk, predicting, paraphrasing and summarizing. Self-talk is like a running commentary that goes on inside our head. It is silent thinking, that's when we try to make sense of what we hear, see and feel, and of course reflects on our actions.

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